The oldest rocks form the basement of the Neo-Proterozoic, which is composed of crystalline schists and granites, representing products of high-grade regional metamorphism. These rocks mainly appear in the northeast of Kosovo.

Above the continental basement lies a wide sequence of marine sedimentary rocks of the Early Permian to Early Triassic, which have been intruded by acidic magmas, while the continental crust has been thinned resulting in partial melting of pre-existing rocks.